Characteristics of Translation of Names of Macro-Cities in Different Languages
Keywords:
realia, toponyms, macrocity names, translation, transcription, transliteration, sound, letter, geographical names.Abstract
Abstract. Toponyms, which are the names of specific regions, have features specific to this language, in addition to geographical features. Toponyms reflect speech sounds and the semantic-structural word structure of each language. Therefore, within a certain language, there is also a standard pronunciation of a certain group of toponyms. If these toponyms are presented to another group of speakers of a different language, in many cases, representatives of this second group will have difficulty even listening to, let alone pronouncing, some of the sounds used. This fact gives rise to many problems in toponymy, and shows that a person can approach “unfamiliar” sounds at best by repeating them roughly, orally or in writing. In this respect, toponyms are words that belong to the category of realities.
