Morphofunctional Characteristics of Rodent Intestines

Abstract

General regularities and specific features of the anatomical structure of the intestine in the studied representatives of the order "rodents" are established, reflecting the influence of both the genetic program of morphogenesis of the species and the alimentary factor. It was revealed that the button-shaped thickening is the outlet of the common bile duct, which is also involved in regulating the volume of food masses coming from the stomach. In guinea pigs, the risk of developing acute obstruction in the duodenum is minimized, due to the protrusion of the mucous membrane into the intestinal lumen. The chinchilla intestinal canal is characterized by the following anatomical features: the intestinal wall gradually becomes thinner towards the rectum, and a large number of Peyer's plaques and diffuse accumulations of lymphoid tissue are concentrated throughout the intestinal canal in the submucosal base. It was found that the chinchilla 's blind colon valve is endowed with a complex morphology: its flaps are formed by all layers of the intestinal wall with Peyer's plaques in the submucosal base, and clusters of Panet cells are concentrated in the leaves of the roller. In representatives of the order "rodents", the colon has 2 muscular bands (tenii) and a sac of the colon, which takes part in the organization of the digestive process. In representatives of phytophages in the intestine, areas of the highest concentration of lymphoid tissue were identified: the cranial bend of the duodenum, подвздошнослепоободочноеthe ileocolecal mouth and the sac of the colon. In chinchillas, the ileal-caecal ring of the caecal-colon valve acts as additional sources of lymphoid tissueслепоободочного.