Biomechanics and physical training in football, Fatigue and the recovery process

Abstract

Football biomechanics is a scientific study of football player movements, which serves to optimize technique and physical capabilities. This field is aimed at analyzing football player movements, increasing efficiency, and preventing injuries.Football players perform movements such as running, passing, dribbling, kicking, jumping, and turning. The optimal method of each movement is determined and technically correct execution is ensured. This plays an especially important role in developing the technical skills of football players.Different muscle groups work during football. During running and jumping, the leg muscles are actively involved, and when passing the ball, the hip and trunk muscles are actively involved. With the help of biomechanics, it is determined which joints are under excessive load and recommendations are given to prevent excessive fatigue. In a football game, the ball can be hit in different ways: with the inside, with the outside, direct and directional kicks. Biomechanics determines the optimal position of the legs and body during a kick, which helps to increase the accuracy and power of the kick.The speed of football players and the style of movement during the game have a great influence on the result. With the help of biomechanical studies, how football players move during sprints and the technique of maintaining balance are studied. This is especially important for quick decision-making and effective movement in offensive or defensive tactics.Injury prevention is one of the main directions of football biomechanics. Muscles and joints can be damaged due to incorrect movements, overload or incorrect technique. Through biomechanics, these problems can be identified and special exercises and techniques are developed to prevent them.